Types of Hydraulic Pumps How Hydraulic Pumps Work

A Hydraulic Pump is a power element of a hydraulic system. It is a component that is driven by an engine or an electric motor and draws fluid from a hydraulic tank to form a discharge of pressure oil and is sent to an actuator. The hydraulic pump is divided into a gear pump, a plunger pump, a vane pump and a screw pump according to the structure. The following small series introduces the type of hydraulic pump and the working principle of the hydraulic pump.

Type of hydraulic pump

1. Gear Pump: Smaller in size, simpler in structure, less stringent in terms of cleanliness of oil, and cheaper in price; however, the shaft of the pump is subject to unbalanced forces, causing serious wear and leakage.

2, vane pump: divided into double acting vane pump and single acting vane pump. This pump has uniform flow, smooth operation, low noise, higher pressure and volumetric efficiency than gear pumps, and a more complex structure than gear pumps.

3. Piston pump: high volumetric efficiency, small leakage, can work under high pressure, mostly used in high-power hydraulic system; but the structure is complex, the material and processing precision are high, the price is expensive, and the cleanliness of the oil is high.

How does the hydraulic pump work?

A pump is an energy conversion device that converts the rotating mechanical energy of a motor into hydraulic energy output. Hydraulic pumps are based on the principle of sealing volume change to work, it is generally known as volumetric hydraulic pump, Figure 2-l shows a single plunger hydraulic pump working principle diagram. In the figure, the plunger 2 is mounted in the cylinder 3 to form a sealed volume a, and the plunger is pressed against the eccentric 1 under the action of the spring 4 . The prime mover drives the eccentric 1 to rotate to cause the plunger 2 to reciprocate so that the size of the sealed volume a periodically alternates. When a increases from a small, a partial vacuum is formed, so that the oil in the tank under the action of atmospheric pressure, through the suction pipe top open check valve 6 into the oil chamber a to achieve oil absorption; the other hand, when a from a large change, a cavity The sucked fluid will push the top check valve 5 into the system to achieve pressure. In this way, the hydraulic pump converts the mechanical energy input by the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid. The prime mover drives the eccentric to rotate continuously, and the hydraulic pump continuously sucks and pressurizes the oil.

Hydraulic pump features

1. It has several sealed and periodically changeable spaces. The output flow rate of the pump is proportional to the amount of volume change in this space and the number of changes per unit of time, regardless of other factors.

2. The absolute pressure of the fluid in the tank must be constant at or above atmospheric pressure. This is the external condition that the positive displacement hydraulic pump can draw in. Therefore, in order to ensure that the hydraulic pump can normally suck oil, the tank must be vented to the atmosphere or a closed sub-tank be used.

3, with a corresponding distribution mechanism. Separate the suction box and the drain box to ensure that the hydraulic pump continuously sucks and discharges the liquid.

Editor's summary: The types of hydraulic pumps and the working principle of hydraulic pumps are introduced here, and we hope to help everyone. If you want to know more related information, you can pay attention to this website information.

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